x^10-px+q
=(x+1-1)^10-px+q
=(x+1)^10-10(x+1)^9+……-10(x+1)+1-px+q
=(x+1)^10-10(x+1)^9+……-10x-10-+1-px-q
=(x+1)^10-10(x+1)^9+……-[(10+p)x+(9-q)]
只有最后一项不能被(x+1)^2整除,
所以最后一项必须为0,即
10+p=0
9-q=0
解得
p=-10,q=9.