1.A lot will change after this year
A Lot 主语
will change 谓语
after this year 时间状语从句
2.you will do a lot more growing up
翻译：你还会有更多的成长.
you 主语
will do 谓语动词
growing up 动名词做并与
a lot 修饰比较级more,表示多得多
比如：I feel a lot better.= I feel much better.我感觉好多了