other
（两个中的）另一个,另一些,其他的.在句中作主语、宾语、定语.相当于名词时,有复数形式others．还有所有格形式other's和others'．other之前常用定冠词the．
I have two cats;one is black and the other is white.
我有两只猫,一黑,一白.
This seat is free, the other seat is taken.
These books are hers, and the other ones are mine.
another
意思是与某一个不同的另一个,又一个.是由不定冠词an和other合并构成,因此,它只能代替或修饰可数的单数名词,前面不再用冠词.
This book is too difficult for me. Will you please give me another one?
I don’t like this one. Show me another.
He got three books; One is dictionary, another is a play, the third is a grammar.
others
和some对比使用时, 是“有些”的意思而不是做“其他”讲.
Some cleaned the windows, others mopped the floor. 有的擦窗户, 有的擦地板.
Some of us like singing and dancing,others go in for sports.
我们中有些喜欢唱歌跳舞,而另一些人则喜爱运动.
the others
是“其余的”意思, 表示在一个范围内的其他全部.
This dictionary is better than the others. 这本字典比别[其余]的好.
He came in time, but the others were late.
他按时来了,可是其他的人迟到了.
可以么