丙烷,CH3CH2BrCH3＝（氢氧化钾＋乙醇,加热）CH3CH＝CH2；CH3CH＝CH2＋H2＝（Pt）CH3CH2CH3
一丙醇,CH3CH2BrCH3＋NaOH＝（加热）NaBr＋CH3CH2CH2OH；
丁酸（是异丁酸?也算丁酸哦）,CH3CH2BrCH3＋NaCN＝（乙醇（下面会制得的）,加热）CH3CH2CNCH3；CH3CH2（CN）CH3＋H＋＝CH3CH2（COOH）CH3；
丁酸就麻烦点：CH3CH2BrCH3＝（氢氧化钾＋乙醇,加热）CH3CH＝CH2；然后反马式加成,条件是过氧化物,然后同上!
CH3CH2CH2CH（CH3）2：（大哥这不会是是大学的题吧）首先CH3CH2OCH2CH3＋HBr＝（加热）CH3CH2OH＋CH3CH2Br；CH3CH2Br＋Mg＝（无水乙醚）CH3CH2MgBr；CH3CH2MgBr＋CH3CH2BrCH3＝CH3CH2CH2CH（CH3）2＋MgBr2