sinθ+sinφ=2sin(θ/2+θ/2)cos(θ/2-φ/2) sinθ-sinφ=2cos(θ/2+φ/2)sin(θ/2-φ/2) cosθ+cosφ=2cos(θ/2+φ/2)cos(θ/2-φ/2) cosθ-cosφ=-2sin(θ/2+φ/2)sin(θ/2-φ/2) sinαsinβ=-1/2[cos(α+β)-cos(...