这两个句子都涉及到过去分词作后置定语的用法.
bought是buy的过去分词,left是leave的过去分词.它们都可以作后置定语修饰前面的名词.
相当于一个定语从句:
The pen bought by her is made in China.
=The pen which was bought by her is made in China.
There are five boys left.=There are five boys who were left.
过去分词属于非谓语动词,因此句中不存在两个谓语的说法.
又如:a boy called Mike 一个名叫迈克的男孩
注:he pen 应为The pen .buy的过去式和过去分词的形式一样，那怎么分清楚是过去分词还是过去式啊？还有leave的过去分词有留下的意思吗buy的过去式和过去分词的形式都是bought , 区分的方法在于:如果bought前有动词be的各种形式或have/has/had时,它就是过去分词.因为be+过分,构成被动语态; 如: This book was bought by my father .have/has/had+过分,构成完成时态;如: She had bought some food before leaving .另外就是像问题中的句子那样作后置定语时,它是过去分词.leavevt. 有"（数目相减后）剩余，余下"及"剩下，留下（某人）" 之意.其过分当然也有此意.How many minutes are there left ? There are only two minutes left . 还剩几分钟?只剩两分钟了.They drove offand only Jim was left to take a taxi.他们开车走了,只有吉姆留下来坐出租车.