b测量通过L2的电流,则I2=0.6A,c测量干路电流,由并联电路的规律可得,通过L1的电流I1=1.8A-0.6A=1.2A;即L1和L2中通过电流之比为I2:I1=2:1.
a由电压表换成电流表,则L2被短路,b换成电压表,则b测L1两端的电压,c测量通过L1的电流,则可得电源电压U=3V;
由欧姆定律可得,第一种情况下,总电阻R=
U |
I |
3V |
1.8A |
5 |
3 |
U |
I′ |
3V |
1.2A |
5 |
2 |
R |
R′ |
| ||
|
2 |
3 |
故答案为:2:1,2:3.
U |
I |
3V |
1.8A |
5 |
3 |
U |
I′ |
3V |
1.2A |
5 |
2 |
R |
R′ |
| ||
|
2 |
3 |