设原NaOH溶液的溶质的质量为x,
则由原子守恒可得 NaCl~HCl~NaOH,
36.5 40
50.0g×18.25% x
| 36.5 |
| 40 |
| 50.0g×18.25% |
| x |
则原NaOH溶液的质量分数为
| 10g |
| 50.00g |
答:原NaOH溶液的质量分数为20.00%;
(2)①由图象可知,NaOH溶液中通入CO2后,溶质为NaOH和Na2CO3,
设质量分别为m、n,则
NaOH+HCl═NaCl+H2O
40 36.5
m 12.5g×18.25%
| 40 |
| 36.5 |
| m |
| 12.5g×18.25% |
解得m=2.50g,
Na2CO3+2HCl═2NaCl+CO2↑+H2O
106 73
n (50-12.5)g×18.25%
| 106 |
| 73 |
| n |
| (50-12.5)g×18.25% |
解得n=9.94g,
②溶质为碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠.设它们的质量分别为x、y,生成的碳酸氢钠为z,则
Na2CO3+HCl═NaCl+NaHCO3,
106 36.5 84
x 12.5g×18.25% z
| 106 |
| 36.5 |
| x |
| 12.5g×18.25% |
| 36.5 |
| 84 |
| 12.5g×18.25% |
| z |
NaHCO3+HCl═NaCl+CO2↑+H2O
84 36.5
(y+5.25g) (50-12.5)g×18.25%
| 84 |
| 36.5 |
| (y+5.25g) |
| (50-12.5)g×18.25% |
答:NaOH溶液中通入CO2后,所得溶液中的溶质若为NaOH和Na2CO3,质量分别为2.50g、9.94g;若为碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠,质量分别为6.63g、10.50g.

