直接引语：直接引用别人的话,并在原话前后加引号.
例：He said:" It is too late."
间接引语：通过第三者转述别人的话,多数以宾语从句的形式构成.
例：He said it was too late.
直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意的问题.
1.人称的变化.
主语为第一人称的直接引语,变间接引语时,人称要做相应调整.
例如：
直接引语 She said:" I am hungry."
间接引语 She said she was hungry.
直接引语 Mum said to me:" You can clean your bedroom tomorrow."
间接引语 Mum told me that I could clean my bedroom the next day .
2.时态变化
直接引语变间接引语时,间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致.当主句为过去时,从句要跟着相应的变化,变化如下：
直接引语时态 间接引语时态
一般现在时 一般过去时 中考考的时态都列
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般将来时 过去将来时
一般过去时 过去完成时
过去完成时 不变
过去进行时 不变过去进行时不用变!
1>“I am very glad to visit your school”, she said. 现在时
She said that she was very glad to visit our school. 过去式
2>. Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music.”现 进
Tom said that they were listening to the pop music. 过 进
3>. Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?”现 完
Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV. 过 完
4>. He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?”现在时
He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus. 过去式
5>. “Why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked. 过去式
The teacher asked why she had refused to go there. 过 完
6>. Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework
before you watched TV?”过 完
Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.过 完
注,现 完 ：为现在完成时,现 进：为现在进行时,以此类推
注意：
1>.直接引语为客观真理时,间接引语时态不变,仍用一般现在时.
例如：Teacher said to us:" The moon moves round the earth."
Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.
The teacher said to us : “Light travels faster than sound .”
The teacher said that light travels faster than sound .
2>.直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体时间状语连用时,间接引语仍用一般过去时.
例如：She said:" I went to England in 1998."
She said she went to England in 1998.
3>.主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候,间接引语时态不变.
He says:" I bought you a book yesterday."
He says that he bought me a book yesterday.
3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化.
this ---- that, these---- those, here---- there, today---- that day, tomorrow--- the next day, next week---- the next week, come----go 等）
4.句式上的变化
1>.陈述句变间接引语时,用that连接, that 无实际意义,可省略.
例 Lana said : “I am mad at Marcia.”
Lana said ( that ) she was mad at Marcia.
He said : “We are good at English.”
He said (that ) they were good at English.
She said to me : “She does her homework every night.”
She told me( that )she did her homework every night.
He said : “ I go to school by bus.”
He said (that) he went to school by bus.
2>.一般疑问句,选择疑问句变间接引语时,要用陈述语气,并要加连词if或whether.
例如：She asked me:" Are you Mr. Li?"
She asked me if I was Mr. Li.
She asked us:" Do you want to go on a picnic?"
She asked us if we wanted to go on a picnic.
3>.特殊疑问句变间接引语要用特殊疑问词引导.
例如："How much have we spent on petrol this year," Susan asked her husband.
Susan asked her husband how much they had spent on petrol that year.
He asked me : “What time is it now?”
He asked me what time it was then.
注意：转述问句时后面用陈述句语序.
4>.祈使句变间接引语,一改二变三加四去.
一改：said (to) 改为asked或told
二变：said to 的宾语或呼语变为asked等的宾语
三加：即在动词原形前加to,使成为动词不定式
四去：去掉please
例：He said to her:" Don't take the book away, please "
He asked her not to take the book away.
He said to me : “Please do it again.”
He told/ asked me to do it again.
The teacher said : “Don’t talk in class ,Tom .”
The teacher told/ asked Tom not to talk in class .
以上均已归纳,希望你能采纳,谢谢O(∩_∩)O~~~