(1),s:100g=1.58g:(6.28-1.58)g
s=100g×1.58g÷4.7g=33.6g
(2),s:100g=20g:m(H2O)
33.6g:100g=20g:m(H2O)
m(H2O)=100g×20g÷33.6g=59.5g
(3),s:100g=m(KNO3):20g
33.6g:100g=m(KNO3):20g
m(KNO3)=20g×33.6g÷100g=6.72g
(4),s:(100g+s)=m(溶质KNO3):20g
33.6g:(100g+33.6g)=m(溶质KNO3):20g
m(溶质KNO3)=20g×33.6g÷133.6g=5.0g
m(溶剂H2O)=m(溶液)-m(溶质KNO3)=20g-5.0g=15.0g
答略.