This is an apple tree .主系表；this作主语,is系动词,an apple tree表语,系动词后的是表语
Fatherreturned homeyesterday.主谓结构,在这里returned是不及物动词,home为副词做地点状语,yesterday时间状语
Teacherstake goodcareofusstudent .主谓宾,us和student为同位语,都充当宾语
Hegave the little boy a lot of help.主谓宾（双宾语）类似的句型还有teach sb sth也是接双宾语
We call that bird Polly .主谓宾（宾补）
Tomworkstwelve hours a day .主谓状
My mother often tells me to be careful with money .主谓宾状
The weather is getting cooler and cooler .主系表
My uncle bought me a mobilephone .主谓宾（双宾语）
I hope to make friends with all of you 主谓宾