现在分词不管是做定语还是做状语都是表示主动进行
a sleeping baby --- 所修饰的名词baby发出的sleep这个动作
Sleeping in her mother's arms, the baby felt very comfortable.
------这个句子的主语the baby发出了sleep这个动作.
过去分词不管是做定语还是做状语都表示一个动作的被动或完成,有时二者皆而有之.如
a broken cup ------- 所修是的名词cup被打破
Boken by a puff of wind, the cup became useless.
----- 句子的主语cup被打破.
从以上几个例子可以看出,分词的意义关系主要看两点----作定语的时候看所修是的名词和分词动作之间的关系,做状语时看的是分词和整个句子主语之间的关系.
动词不定时做定语主要表示未完成之事或是将发生或是将存在之事,做状语一般可以表示目的或是表示意料之外的结果：
I have nothing to do now.
He has a very important meeting to attend tomorrow.
I came here to see you.
I arrived home, only to see the door was locked.