this这（所指人或物理说话人近）that那（所指人或物理说话人远）.如：
This is a pen.这是一支钢笔.
That is a pencil.那时一支铅笔.
these这些（this的复数形式）,those那些（that的复数形式）.如：
These are sheep.这些是绵羊.
Those are goats.那些是山羊.
there那里,相对于here这里,表示地点,here 距离说话人近,there 距离说话人远.如：
Here is your bag./Your bag is here.你的书包在这里.
There is her bag./Her bag is there.她的书包在那里.