f(x)'=3x^2-2x-1,当f(x)'=0=3x^2-2x-1时,有x=1或x=-1/3,利用穿针引线法知：x在x=-1/3处有极大值,x在x=1处有极小值；f(x)在（-无穷,-1/3]上单调递增,在（-1/3,1）上单调递减,在[1,+无穷）上单调递增.