NH4+ + H2O === NH3.H2O + H+
Cu2+ + 2H2O === Cu(OH)2 + 2H+
Fe3+ + 3H2O === Fe(OHO3 + 3H+
Al3+ + 3H2O === Al(OH)3 + 3H+
Zn2+ + 2H2O === Zn(OH)2+ 2H+
CH3COO- + h2o === CH3COOH + OH-
CO32- + H2O === HCO3- + OH-
HCO3- + H2O === H2CO3 + OH-
S2- + H2O === HS- + OH-
HS- + H2O === H2S + OH-