The girl standing under the tree is really charming.
这句话中,standing under the tree就做girl的后置定语,意为“站在树下的女孩子” .
定语:起修饰限定作用的语言成分,多为“···的”; 后置定语,顾名思义,放在被修饰词后的定语.
现在分词作定语,多表主动和进行的含义.有别于过去分词,表被动含义.请体会下两句:
The teacher came in,following some students.老师跟着一些学生进来了.(学生在老师之前)
The teacher came in,followed by some students.老师被一些学生跟着进来了.即:老师进来了,他后面跟着一些学生.(学生在老师之后)