设f(x) = ax^2 + bx +c
f(0)=c=1
f(x+1)-f(x)= a(x+1)^2 + b(x+1) + c - ax^2 - bx -c
= 2ax + a + b = 2x
所以,对比系数
2a = 2,a+b=0
a=1,b=-1
f(x) = x^2 - x +1